Ethereum’s leanVM Is Designed to Aggregate Post-Quantum Signatures

Ethereum’s leanVM project still has end-to-end formal verification in progress, and the tool is not ready for production use as work continues on post-quantum security for Ethereum validators. leanVM is a minimal, hash-based zkVM project designed to aggregate leanXMSS signatures, a hash-based alternative being developed for Ethereum validator signatures. Post-quantum signatures are larger than BLS signatures and lack BLS’s native aggregation properties. leanVM is intended to provide a way to aggregate leanXMSS signatures, addressing that difference. The project sits in Ethereum’s L* consensus and data milestone. Full post-quantum protection for consensus, transactions and data sampling is longer-term roadmap work.